When foreign companies contact our firm about protecting IP in Japan, three questions come up more often than any others: Do we need a notarized Power of Attorney? What will the official fees be? Is there any way to reduce the cost? This one-stop guide answers all three, based on the Japan Patent Office (JPO) official fee schedule, the JPO's fee reduction rules, and the Japanese Patent Act — with every figure verified against the primary sources as of September 2026.
Table of Contents
Japan is one of the most formality-light jurisdictions for IP Powers of Attorney. According to the JPO's official guidance on representation documents:
Even better: for the act of filing itself, a POA generally does not need to be submitted to the JPO at all. Japanese practice requires proof of authority only for specific acts. Under Article 9 of the Patent Act, so-called "special authorization" must be granted expressly — and documented — for acts such as:
| POA usually NOT required | POA (special authorization) required — Patent Act Art. 9 |
|---|---|
| Filing a patent/trademark/design application Requesting examination Responding to office actions (by the appointed representative) |
Converting, abandoning or withdrawing an application Withdrawing a request, claim of priority, or petition Filing an appeal against an examiner's decision of rejection Abandoning a patent right Appointing a sub-agent |
For portfolios with recurring work, Japan also offers a blanket POA system (包括委任状): one registered POA covering all current and future matters, referenced by its registration number. For form details, apostille questions and revocation procedures, see our dedicated guide: Japan Power of Attorney for IP: Requirements & Best Practices.
Yes — with one timing exception. Under Article 8 of the Patent Act, a party with no domicile or business office in Japan (zaigaisha, an "overseas resident") may not conduct procedures before the JPO except through a patent administrator (tokkyo kanrinin) — a representative domiciled in Japan, in practice a Japanese patent attorney (benrishi).
The exception concerns PCT national phase entry. Under Article 184-11, an overseas applicant may perform the national entry procedures without a patent administrator up to the "national processing standard time," and must then appoint one and notify the JPO within the period prescribed by ordinance. If the appointment is never notified, the international application is deemed withdrawn — so in practice, foreign applicants engage Japanese counsel at or before national entry. See our PCT National Phase Entry Japan guide for the complete timeline.
The figures below are the JPO official fees (statutory fees payable to the office), taken from the JPO fee schedule. Attorney fees are separate and vary by firm and case complexity — request a quote for the total cost. "n" = number of claims; "c" = number of classes.
| Stage | Official fee (JPY) |
|---|---|
| Filing | 14,000 (22,000 for a foreign-language application) |
| Request for examination | 138,000 + 4,000 × n （PCT with JPO international search report: 83,000 + 2,400 × n; PCT with non-JPO ISR: 124,000 + 3,600 × n） |
| Annuities, years 1–3 | 4,300 + 300 × n per year |
| Annuities, years 4–6 | 10,300 + 800 × n per year |
| Annuities, years 7–9 | 24,800 + 1,900 × n per year |
| Annuities, years 10–25 | 59,400 + 4,600 × n per year |
| Appeal against rejection | 49,500 + 5,500 × n |
| Stage | Official fee (JPY) |
|---|---|
| Filing | 3,400 + 8,600 × c |
| Registration (10 years) | 32,900 × c （installment for 5 years: 17,200 × c） |
| Renewal | 43,600 × c |
| Stage | Official fee (JPY) |
|---|---|
| Filing | 16,000 per design |
| Registration fees, years 1–3 | 8,500 per year |
| Registration fees, years 4–25 | 16,900 per year |
For a benchmarking view against USPTO, EPO, KIPO and CNIPA, see Japan vs Major Offices: IP Cost Comparison; for post-grant maintenance, see the Japan Patent Annuity Guide.
Unlike the USPTO, the JPO does not examine applications automatically. A request for examination must be filed within 3 years of the (international) filing date — by anyone, including third parties (Patent Act Art. 48-3). If no request is filed in time, the application is deemed withdrawn.
Caution: The JPO sends no reminder. For PCT national phase entries the 3 years run from the international filing date — often leaving far less than 3 years after entry into Japan. Restoration after the deadline is available only where the failure was unintentional (request within 2 months of discovery and 1 year of the missed deadline), and the restoration fee is JPY 212,100. A deliberate decision not to request examination, later reversed, does not qualify.
Note the substantial discount when the JPO acted as International Searching Authority in the PCT phase: the examination request fee drops from 138,000 + 4,000 × n to 83,000 + 2,400 × n — one more factor when choosing your ISA.
This is the point most foreign applicants miss. The JPO's official Q&A on the fee reduction system states expressly that foreign applicants are eligible if they meet the requirements — under the same procedure as domestic applicants. The reductions apply to the examination request fee and patent annuities for years 1–10:
| Applicant category | Examination request fee & annuities (years 1–10) |
|---|---|
| Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) | Reduced to 1/2 |
| SME startups / small-scale enterprises | Reduced to 1/3 |
| R&D-focused SMEs | Reduced to 1/2 |
| Universities and academic researchers | Reduced to 1/2 |
Worked example: an examination request with 10 claims costs JPY 178,000 at the full rate — JPY 89,000 for a qualifying foreign SME, or about JPY 59,300 for a qualifying startup. The procedure is remarkably light: a single statement in the request form; no certificates, no supporting documents. Three caveats:
Practical checklist:
① Check fee-reduction eligibility (SME/startup) before requesting examination — up to 2/3 off with a one-line declaration.
② If filing via PCT, consider the JPO as ISA — the Japanese examination request fee drops by roughly 40%.
③ Trim claims before requesting examination — each claim adds 4,000 JPY at examination and compounds into annuities and appeal fees.
④ Applications already filed or examined abroad qualify for accelerated examination (no official fee) or the Patent Prosecution Highway — see our PPH Japan guide.
⑤ If a case loses business value after the examination request, withdrawing/abandoning before first office action allows a refund of half the examination fee (request within 6 months).
No. For routine JPO proceedings, no notarization, apostille or legalization is required. No seal is needed, the JPO states that a foreign principal's signature is not required, and a copy of the POA is acceptable.
A party without a domicile or business office in Japan must act through a patent administrator domiciled in Japan (Patent Act Art. 8). For PCT national phase entry, the entry procedures themselves may be performed without one, but a patent administrator must be appointed and notified shortly afterwards (Art. 184-11).
Filing JPY 14,000; examination request JPY 138,000 + 4,000 per claim; annuities from JPY 4,300 + 300 per claim per year (years 1–3), rising by period. Attorney fees and translation costs are separate.
Yes. The JPO's official Q&A confirms foreign applicants qualify under the same requirements and the same procedure as domestic applicants: SMEs pay 1/2, qualifying startups and small-scale enterprises pay 1/3 of the examination request fee and annuities for years 1–10. The claim is made by a statement in the request form, with no certificates required.
The application is deemed withdrawn. Restoration is possible only if the failure was unintentional: file the request with a statement of reasons within 2 months of discovering the lapse and within 1 year of the deadline, and pay the restoration fee of JPY 212,100. A deliberate decision not to request examination, later reversed, is not restorable.
Japan's formalities are lighter than most foreign applicants expect — no notarization, POA copies accepted, and a fee reduction system that explicitly welcomes foreign SMEs and startups. The genuine risks sit elsewhere: the 3-year examination request deadline and the timing rules that cannot be fixed retroactively. Build those into your docketing, claim the reductions you are entitled to, and the Japanese phase of your portfolio becomes both predictable and affordable.
Talk to EVORIX
EVORIX IP Firm (Osaka, Japan) supports foreign companies and law firms with patent, trademark and design filings in Japan — including eligibility checks for fee reductions and deadline management. Contact us or request a quote.
Disclaimer: This article is for general information only and does not constitute legal advice or guarantee any outcome in individual cases. Figures reflect the JPO's published fee schedule and reduction rules as of September 2026; fees and eligibility requirements are subject to amendment. Please verify current requirements with the JPO or qualified Japanese counsel before acting.